In landscape architecture, what does "drainage" refer to?

In landscape architecture, "drainage" primarily refers to the management of excess water. Effective drainage systems are essential for maintaining healthy landscapes, particularly in areas prone to heavy rainfall or poor soil drainage. Proper drainage prevents water from pooling, which can lead to issues such as soil erosion, plant root diseases, and structural damage to hardscapes.

By managing excess water, drainage systems ensure that water is directed away from areas where it can cause harm, allowing for a healthier landscape environment. This includes the design of features such as swales, retention basins, and underground drainage systems, all aimed at controlling water flow and maintaining the integrity of the landscape. Understanding the importance of proper drainage helps landscape architects in creating sustainable and functional outdoor spaces.