When is the best time to prune trees and shrubs?

The best time to prune trees and shrubs is during dormancy. This period typically occurs in late fall to early spring when plants are not actively growing. Pruning during dormancy is beneficial for several reasons. First, it minimizes the stress on the plants, as they are less likely to suffer from the trauma associated with pruning when they are not in a growth phase. Second, it helps prevent the spread of disease, as many pathogens that can infect plants are more active during their growing season. Pruning in dormancy allows for better visibility of the plant's structure, making it easier to identify which branches to remove to improve shape, health, and light penetration.

Pruning during blooming season can lead to the loss of flowers, especially if the plants are spring bloomers, as pruning can cut off the buds that would have developed into flowers. Early fall may still allow for some growth, leading to stress and potential damage before winter sets in. Pruning during rainy seasons can also increase the risk of fungal infections and is also less effective because wet conditions make it difficult for the plant to heal properly after cuts. Overall, performing pruning during the dormant phase is the most effective strategy for maintaining the health and aesthetics of trees and shrubs.